Some refer to this type of diabetes as “type 1.5 diabetes" because it’s not type 1 or type 2 but is similar to both diseases. Many people in the past have been misdiagnosed with Type 1 or Type 2 when they really have LADA. There is research suggesting it could be passed down genetically, and more research suggesting there are some other diseases that make it easier now to predict if a person will get LADA.
LADA happens because the body makes antibodies that cause the immune system to attack the insulin-making cells of the pancreas, like type 1 Diabetes. Unlike type 1 diabetes, the symptoms get worse slowly and may not need treatment for many months or years after diagnosis.
What Are the Symptoms of LADA?
LADA symptoms are similar to those of type 1 or 2 diabetes. Thirst, the need to urinate often, blurry vision, or weight loss can occur even though there is an increase in appetite.
Other symptoms that can occur are:
- Frequent infections
- Weakness and fatigue
- Dry, itchy skin
- Tingling in your hands or feet
How Is LADA Diagnosed?
LADA usually occurs over the age of 30, and doctors can often mistake it for type 2 diabetes. LADA is often treated first with orals, however when the blood sugars don’t respond, LADA can be suspected.
To confirm a diagnosis of LADA, a blood test can check for antibodies against the insulin-making cells of the pancreas. Another test that checks for levels of a protein called C-peptide provides information on how much insulin the pancreas is making.
How Is LADA Treated?
Many people in the past have been misdiagnosed with Type 1 or Type 2 when they really have LADA. Managing LADA with oral diabetes medications as well as diet and lifestyle changes is usually tried in the beginning.
Regardless, a healthy, carbohydrate-controlled eating plan along with exercise and weight loss can also help your beta cells control your blood sugar better. Improving insulin sensitivity will allow the insulin you do have to work better. It’s similar that if you have a limited supply of gas, driving a compact car will make that gas last longer than driving a Hummer. If you have limited insulin, make the most of it.
Most people with LADA need insulin within six years of their diabetes diagnosis. Needing insulin is not a failure. When your body cannot produce it, it’s time to move to insulin. You’ll need it for blood glucose control and to lower your risk for complications.